The Fair Credit Reporting Act (FCRA), which is enforced by the Federal Trade Commission, is a federal act designed to ensure that consumers’ privacy is protected and that the credit reporting agencies maintain accuracy and abide by certain responsibilities.

Perhaps one of the most important features about the FCRA is that consumers are entitled to a copy of their credit report from all three, national credit reporting agencies – Equifax, TransUnion and Experian – once a year.

There are also other instances in which you may be entitled to a free credit report:

• - If you have been denied for credit, insurance or employment (you must ask for a copy of your credit report within 60 days of being denied)
• - If you are unemployed and plan to begin looking for a job within the next 60 days
• - If you are on welfare
• - If you have been a victim of fraud or identity theft

Under the FCRA, you also have rights regarding inaccuracies which appear on your credit report. The credit reporting agency in which the inaccuracy appears, as well as the creditor who provided the information, have an obligation and a responsibility to investigate and correct the inaccuracy within 30 days.

Simply inform the credit reporting agency in writing. The credit reporting agency must then forward the information to the creditor, who must then investigate and review the information and report back to the credit reporting agency.

Upon resolution of the inaccuracy, the credit reporting agency must provide you with the written results of the investigation, as well as a new copy of your credit report (if the dispute results in a change on your credit report).

Finally, the FCRA recognizes that the only individuals who can obtain a copy of your credit report are those individuals with legitimate business needs. In addition, your employer may only access your credit report upon your approval.

If you have experienced violations of the FCRA, you should report it directly to the Federal Trade Commission at:

Consumer Response Center — FCRA
Federal Trade Commission
Washington, D.C. 20580.